One of the little nits I have is when I use the terminal, and as I start typing a command if I press the Tab key, autocomplete doesn’t work. It feels like it should be the default out of the box.
You can configure the Hubble CLI for Cilium, but it’s not documented in the docs.cilium.io pages yet, so I thought I’d throw up a quick post adding it here!
This command pushes the auto-complete config into my zsh config on macOS.
Did you know that the Cilium Hubble CLI supports using a configuration file?
Below is an example command where Isovalent Enterprise for Cilium is deployed and Hubble RBAC is configured. Therefore, I must provide additional details such as the server location and certificates to authenticate using the CLI. The steps in this blog post also work with Cilium OSS, which is especially handy when setting allow and deny lists to prune the information returned.
This can become cumbersome for every command you want to run.
Below you can see the various configuration options that the Hubble CLI supports. The above example is using flags as part of the command.
hubble config -h
Config allows to modify or view the hubble configuration. Global hubble options
can be set via flags, environment variables or a configuration file. The
following precedence order is used:
1. Flag
2. Environment variable
3. Configuration file
4. Default value
The "config view" subcommand provides a merged view of the configuration. The
"config set" and "config reset" subcommand modify values in the configuration
file.
Environment variable names start with HUBBLE_ followed by the flag name
capitalized where eventual dashes ('-') are replaced by underscores ('_').
For example, the environment variable that corresponds to the "--server" flag
is HUBBLE_SERVER. The environment variable for "--tls-allow-insecure" is
HUBBLE_TLS_ALLOW_INSECURE and so on.
Usage:
hubble config [flags]
hubble config [command]
Available Commands:
get Get an individual value in the hubble config file
reset Reset all or an individual value in the hubble config file
set Set an individual value in the hubble config file
view Display merged configuration settings
Using the below commands, I can set the flags as values in the configuration file, for any CLI flag, the set value will be prepended with HUBBLE_+ the flag name.
❯ hubble config set HUBBLE_SERVER tls://localhost:4245
unknown key: HUBBLE_SERVER
❯ hubble config set server tls://localhost:4245
❯ hubble config set tls-ca-cert-files ca-cert.pem
❯ hubble config set tls-server-name 'cli.hubble-relay.cilium.io'
Now we can use the Hubble CLI without the additional flags.
We can validate the configuration in use by running the below command, which also confirms the location of the config file itself, which you can edit directly.
Recently, I’m seeing more and more queries about migrating to Cilium within an existing Red Hat OpenShift cluster, due to Cilium’s advanced networking capabilities, robust security features, and enhanced observability out-of-the-box. This increase of interest is also boosted by the fact that Cilium became the first Kubernetes CNI to graduate in the CNCF Landscape.
In this blog post, we’ll cover the step-by-step process of migrating from the traditional OpenShiftSDN (default CNI pre-4.12) or OVN-Kubernetes (default CNI from 4.12) to Cilium, exploring the advantages and considerations along the way.
If you need to understand more about the default CNI options in Red Hat OpenShift first, then I highly recommend this blog post, as pre-reading before going through this walkthrough.
Cilium Overview
For those of you who have not heard of Cilium, or maybe just the name and know there’s a buzz about it. In short Cilium, is a cloud native networking solution to provide security, networking and observability at a software level.
The reason why the buzz is so huge is due to being implemented using eBPF, a new way of interacting and programming with the kernel layer of the OS. This implementation opens a whole new world of options.
I’ll leave you with these two short videos from Thomas Graf, co-founder of Isovalent, the creators of Cilium.
Does Red Hat support this migration?
Cilium has achieved the Red Hat OpenShift Container Network Interface (CNI) certification by completing the operator certification and passing end-to-end testing. Red Hat will support Cilium installed and running in a Red Hat OpenShift cluster, and collaborate as needed with the ecosystem partner to troubleshoot any issues, as per their third-party software support statements. This would be a great reason to look at Isovalent Enterprise for Cilium, rather than using Cilium OSS, to get support from both vendors.
However, when it comes to performing a CNI migration for an active existing OpenShift cluster, Red Hat provides no guidance, unless it’s migrating from OpenShiftSDN to OVN-Kubernetes.
This means CNI migration to a third party CNI in an existing running Red Hat OpenShift Cluster is a grey area.
I’d recommend speaking to your Red Hat account team before performing any migration like this in your production environments. I have known large customers to take on this work/burden/supportability themselves and be successful.
Follow along with this video!
If you prefer watching a video or seeing things live and following along, like I do at times, then I’ve got you covered with the below video that covers the content from this blog post.
Pre-requisites and OpenShift Cluster configuration
As per the above, understand this process in detail, and if you follow it, you do so at your own risk.
For this walkthrough, I’ve deployed a OpenShift 4.13 cluster with OVN-Kubernetes, with a sample application (see below). You can see these posts I’ve written for deployments of OpenShift, or follow the official documentation.
When trying to log into Grafana Web UI using an OIDC provider, in my case, Dex. The login would fail due to the error “User already exists”, after some time. This happened for any users given access via the OIDC.
The Cause
This looks to happen due to a CVE fix implemented in Grafana as documented in the two comments below:
To resolve this issue, for Grafana 10.0.x and 9.5.6, the env variable GF_AUTH_OAUTH_ALLOW_INSECURE_EMAIL_LOOKUP can be set or the config key oauth_allow_insecure_email_lookup can be set under the auth section.
so I could use kubectl top node for it’s metrics on Node resource useage, I found the pods were not loading, and upon inspection found the following:
> kubectl logs -n kube-system metrics-server-6f6cdbf67d-v6sbf
I0717 12:19:32.132722 1 server.go:187] "Failed probe" probe="metric-storage-ready" err="no metrics to serve"
E0717 12:19:39.159422 1 scraper.go:140] "Failed to scrape node" err="Get \"https://192.168.49.2:10250/metrics/resource\": x509: cannot validate certificate for 192.168.49.2 because it doesn't contain any IP SANs" node="minikube"
The Cause
The issue here was due to the installation of Cert-Manager and setting up some TLS configurations within the CNI and Self-Signed certificates, the metric’s server wasn’t able to validate the authority of the Kubernetes API
The Fix
As this is communication within the cluster, I could simply fix this by telling Metric Server container to trust the insecure certificates from the API using the below kubectl patch command: